教会历届大公会议
1.
尼西第一届大公会议(First
General Council of Nicaea, 325),订断耶稣基督是真天主、真人,与父同一性体。
2.
君士坦丁堡第一届大公会议(First
General Council of Constantinople, 381),确认尼西亚关於基督的教导,並确定基督拥有完整的人性。
3.
厄弗所大公会议(General
Council of Ephesus, 431),再次订断基督真人的教义,教导玛利亚是天主之母。
4.
加采东大公会议(General
Council of Chalcedon, 451),教导盡管耶稣基督是真天主与真人,但却是一个位格,也就是一位二性,天主性与人性。
5.
君士坦丁堡第二届大公会议(Second
General Council of Constantinople, 553),肯定基督有二性的教导。
6.
君士坦丁堡第三届大公会议(Third
General Council of Constantinople, 680-681),高举基督有二种意志的真理。
7.
尼西第二届大公会议(Second
General Council of Nicaea, 787),宣布诸圣代祷的有效性,並批准圣像敬礼;确定圣艺在信徒灵修生活中的正确位置。
8.
君士坦丁堡第四届大公会议(Fourth
General Council of Constantinople, 869-870),拜占廷教会与圣座关係的正常化。
9.
拉特朗第一届大公会议(First
General Council of the Lateran, 1123),批准沃尔慕斯政教协定(Condordat
Worms)的条款,1122年呈上亨利五世皇帝,结束主教授职的争议。
10.拉特朗第二届大公会议(Second
General Council of the Lateran, 1139),规范教会的内在纪律。
11.拉特朗第三届大公会议(Third
General Council of the Lateran, 1179),处理教会纪律与改革;教宗选举法之修改。
12.拉特朗第四届大公会议(Fourth
General Council of the Lateran, 1215),首次使用质变(transubstantiation)一词描述圣体的奥;草拟一些一般法,其中包括复活节的本分。
13.里昂第一届大公会议(First
General Council of Lyons, 1245),主要在关切纪律的立法,主要成就为正式罢免佛来得利二世皇帝(Emperor
Frederick II)。
14.里昂第二届大公会议(Second
General Council of Lyons, 1274),订断圣神由父及子所共发。
15.维也诺大公会议(General
Council of Vienne, 1311-1312),订断理性或理智是人灵魂的本性,在本质上是人体的形式。
16.公思当斯大公会议(General
Council of Constance, 1414-1418),整顿西方宗教分裂,这是起源於选择对立的申请者为教宗而导致的教会分裂;制订一些关於纪律与改革的法令,但並未全部被教宗批准。
17.弗罗伦斯大公会议(General
Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence, 1431-1445),处理主教之间以及主教与欧静四世(Eugene
IV)之间的衝突;讨论起於希腊教会代表关於炼狱和圣神由父及由子而发的问题;在关於圣三神学、伯多禄宝座的首席权及其他数点的激辩之后,希腊教会与罗马重新结合;与其他教会重新结合;制订关於圣事的要素的教义;条列圣经书目;提出关於基督的详细教导。
18.拉特朗第五届大公会议(Fifth
General Council of the Lateran, 1512-1517),教导人灵的个别性与不死性。
19.特利腾大公会议(General
Council of Trent, 1542-1563),为反应基督新教的兴起,並重新检验且更圆满地订断基督徒教导的全景;发表圣经法令,条列圣经书目;主张宗徒传承与圣经当受同样的尊敬;发佈原罪、成义及圣事法令。
20.梵蒂冈第一届大公会议(First
General Council of the Vatican, 1869-1870),产生两个教义宪章∶《天主子》(Dei
Fulius)订断,创造者天主启示祂自己,盡管祂的存在能够透过理性而认识;说明理性与信仰的关係。《永恒的牧者》(Pastor
Aeternus)肯定教宗首席权,並订断教宗不可错误的教导权威。
21.梵蒂冈第二届大公会议(Second
General Council of the Vatican, 1962-1965),处理范围宽广的教义及伦理议题,並在议题的讨论及对教会及今日世界人类的关心中,提供规范与指南。产生四个宪章(教会宪章、启示宪章、礼仪宪章、论教会在现代世界牧职宪章),九个法令(关於主教、司铎、修会、平信徒、传教工作、大公主义、东方教会及大众传播工具等),三个宣言(关於基督徒教育、教会与非基督宗教的关係、及信仰自由)。
参考书目
1.
《圣经》,香港∶思高圣经学会译释,1989。
2.
《梵蒂冈第二届大公会议文献》,台北∶中国主教团秘书处,1999。
3.
《天主教教理》,台北∶天主教教务协进会,1996。
4.
教宗若望保禄二世著,中国主教团秘书处译,《第三个千年将临之际宗座文告》,台北市∶天主教教务协进会,1995。
5.
教宗保禄六世著,刘鸿荫译,《在新世界中传福音劝谕》,台南市∶闻道出版社,1976。
索引
二划
十字架
18,19,79,107,136
三划
三位一体
75,109,110
上主
5,9,13,45,62,63,81,83,96,101,103,111,120,129,136,139,142,143,147,148,149,150,154
千年
67,69,102,104,108,126,128,130,133,137,138,143,146,148,149,153,154
大赦
140,145,148,153
子
7,15,18,20,23,43,51,67,68,79,82,83,85,94,95,96,97,98,106,107,108,109,110,114,115,123,126,132,133,144,153
四划
五旬节
48,62
分享
19,41,45,55,56,69,77,82,97,103,104,132,136,153
天主
2,3,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,28,30,32,33,34,36,37,38,39,41,42,43,46,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,62,63,65,66,67,68,71,72,75,76,77,79,82,83,86,87,88,89,90,91,93,94,95,96,97,98,100,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,114,115,117,119,120,121,122,123,124,126,127,128,129,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,142,143,144,145,147,148,149,151,153
天主教
52,72,107,135
天主教教理
1,3,6,8,9,10,14,18,21,25,28,32,34,38,42,48,50,65,72,80,83,86,87,88,92,93,98,100,102,106,113,120,131,141
天使
44,101,121,133,149,150
天国
41,45,136
天堂
9,58,145
心
1,5,9,10,12,13,16,17,18,19,25,29,36,37,38,41,44,45,46,51,53,55,63,64,67,69,70,76,77,88,92,94,96,102,106,111,112,114,117,119,122,123,124,125,127,133,134,135,138,154
心灵
76,77,139,142,147
手
5,76,82,84,93,96,98,115,117,123,124,127
水
44,101
父亲
67,68,82,83,85,88,89,95,96,97,98,99,102,109,123,124
世界
3,7,19,23,30,32,36,41,44,46,69,70,71,76,94,98,102,103,104,108,109,110,114,123,125,126,128,133,135,136,137,138,149,152,153
五划
主
5,9,13,14,15,16,17,20,25,33,41,43,44,45,49,50,52,62,63,66,71,79,81,88,91,92,94,96,100,101
主日
25,41,44
主教
30,137
以色列
3,5,10,11,67,96,101,108,111,143
召叫
4,6,10,12,16,32,76,82,83,86,87,88,96,102,103,111,119,122,123,124,126,127,128,133,135,137,138,144,145,152
四旬期
19,28,30,34,36,43,44
尼西亚信经
73
平安
10,27,41,45,51,63,77,95,133,134,136,138
正义
2,3,4,21,25,28,30,32,46,83,90,115,117,124,139,142,143,147
永恒
28,30,55,76,79,107,111
永远
5,11,53,54,56,63,69,77,101,112,144,153
生命
9,10,12,14,16,17,18,19,23,25,26,30,36,38,44,45,47,51,53,55,56,58,62,63,64,65,68,69,78,79,81,82,83,89,95,102,109,110,115,116,124,128,130,133,134,135,136,137,138,144,145,146,153
生活
1,3,7,9,10,11,16,18,25,28,30,32,36,37,38,41,43,44,50,51,53,54,55,57,62,67,69,71,77,82,83,87,89,90,95,96,98,105,109,116,117,121,124,128,130,133,134,135,136,137,138,144,145,146,153
六划
交谈
6,8,12,87,96,100,102,103,146,149
伊斯兰教
6,8,102,103,146
休息
9,126,127
光
9,63,76,77,138
光荣
16,18,19,44,56,76,88,101,107
先知
8,10,11,51,54,81,96,126,139,149,151
共融
50,56,86,87,88,102,104,111,132,136
名字
5,9,101
名号
101
合一
1,7,11,100,102,104,132,135,136,140,146
宇宙
67,76,100,101,102,124,126,138
安慰
32,58,62,64,82,90,116,135,136,139,142,147
年
6,8,12,44,45,57,95,102,103,105,108,110,126,127,128,132,133,136,137,138,139,143,148,152,154
有福
5
死亡
6,8,10,12,18,50,55,92,98,121,135,144,145,146,153
羊
133
羊群
149
自由
10,28,30,32,55,87,124,127,138,139,142,143,145,146,147,148,152
自我牺牲
124
自私
55,123,127
至圣圣母玛利亚 100,103
血
99,135
行走
81
行动
2,16,18,25,26,33,36,37,38,39,44,51,53,55,56,81,82,97,105,116,117,124,140
七划
克服
53,88,104
告明
38,72,95,96
希望
14,16,32,33,44,56,62,126,135,136,143
希腊
36,53,109,152
更深
17,57,62,76,103
言语/话语
9,50,51,54,115,149
身体
69,89
八划
亚巴郎
5,8
依撒伯尔
115,117,133
使命
8,48,50,67,96,103,152
受苦
23,27,32,115,116,117,118,136
受造物
48,53,76,77,83,98,148
和平
3,4,13,28,30,32,46,77,96,102,124,146
委身
87,103,135,137
宗徒
8,44,46,49,56,62,66,72,73
宗教
6,8,12,30,53,76,88,100,102,103,104,117,124,125,145,146,152
服侍/服事
16,53,54,67,97,115,136,146
服务
18,56,116,136
服从
68,148
果实
50,51
近人/邻居/邻人
7,18,21,23,25,26,28,32,57,70,94,96,114
九划
信仰
11,12,19,25,33,41,42,44,45,50,51,53,59,62,67,70,72,74,75,88,98,103,104,106,108,111,117,125,132,135,136,149,152,153
信徒
18,29,50,56,62,96,102,103,109,132,136,140,145,146
俗化主义
8,28,30,32,124
宣信
67
政治
117
洗礼
1,59,62,63,67,69,72,132
皈依
36,38,44,73,122,123,124,135
相信
8,11,22,25,28,30,41,44,45,52,54,56,63,74,76,83,97,107,109,111,119,123,124,125,146
祈祷
4,9,11,18,19,23,25,44,50,68,69,71,82,89,96,97,102,117,118,124,126,134,135,136,137,138,154
耶路撒冷
10,103,137,146,150
耶稣
1,2,6,7,8,12,14,15,16,18,19,20,23,29,30,32,33,37,39,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,53,55,65,66,67,68,69,70,79,80,82,83,86,88,89,90,91,93,95,96,97,98,103,108,109,110,113,115,117,118,119,121,122,123,124,126,127,130,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,144,146,149,150,151,152,153,154
胎
9,81,107
若望
23,53,57,67,68,91,95,96,102,103,108,110,112,115,117,122,123,124,127,133,137,140,143,144,146,148,153
食物
32
十划
个人的
53,69,89,110,144
伦理
10,25,28,30,32,36,37,54
家庭活动
148
恩惠
27,54
恩赐
6,8,10,11,14,16,17,19,30,37,38,48,49,51,53,54,62,63,66,69,117,127,128,136,137,138
恩宠
48,50,51,53,54,55,56,57,58,83,94,99,112,114,118,119,120,122,124,132,137,140,143,144,145,153
悔改
36,38,52,72,73,95,96,99,119,122,123,124,125,135
时间
19,30,36,37,39,44,46,52,115,126,134,138,145
殉道
152,153
真理
30,41,44,49,51,53,54,56,64,66,77,78,87,107,138
神
8,9,12,17,29,49,51,55,64,66,102,109,111,123,139,142,146,147
神圣
52,93,95,136
神学
9,83,143
祝福
38
纳匝肋
45,109,115
记号
7,32,83,128,132,137,148,153
酒
18,115,127,135,136
十一划
唯物主义
28,30
坚固
59,62
坚振
59,62,63
基督
6,7,8,12,28,30,32,33,41,43,45,48,50,51,53,54,55,56,62,63,67,71,72,79,82,83,88,96,99,102,103,104,108,109,110,116,117,121,124,126,128,133,134,144,145,151,152,153,154
基督徒
1,3,6,8,12,16,25,30,31,36,38,41,43,44,51,54,62,67,69,78,88,90,103,104,109,115,117,123,124,127,128,130,135,136,137,138,145,146,148,150,152
堂区
70,151
崇拜/朝拜
4,58,70
救世主
109,151
救主
5,16,18,133,149,152,153
救恩
8,14,16,51,96,102,103,108,129,139,142,144,145,147,151,152,153
救赎
12,82,90,109,137,148,149
教宗
3,8,30,95,102,103,104,108,110,115,125,126,133,137,140,143,144,145,146,148,153
教宗保禄
3,8
教宗保禄二世
104
教会
4,6,8,12,16,18,32,38,48,50,55,69,79,83,88,102,104,107,110,111,115,117,122,132,133,135,136,137,143,146,152,153
教义
106,109,110,150
教导
1,4,10,37,47,69,76,82,95,115,127,136,137
启示
6,8,42,50,51,65,67,82,107,108,109,110,111,123,137,149
望德
54,55,56,62
梵蒂冈
133
梵蒂冈第二届大公会议 1,6,14,18,21,28,34,42,48,65,72,80,86,93,100,102,106,113,120,122,131,141
梅瑟
8,10
第三个千年
1,3,8,14,21,30,32,34,42,48,65,67,72,80,86,93,95,100,103,104,106,113,115,120,122,124,125,126,127,131,133,141,143,144,146
被救
72,77
许诺
8,26,38,43,55,63,69,149
贫穷
16,49,66,117,123,127,143
十二划
创造
9,23,41,45,65,67,75,76,79,82,90,100,102,104,105,108,109,122,124,126,128,136,143,144,148,153
喝
89,124,135,
复活
6,8,41,43,44,45,47,50,79,107,135,144,145,153
复活节
30
复兴
9,126
智慧
49,51,53,54,63,66,92,108
朝拜
58
朝圣
18,67,69,70,71,145,153
朝圣者
56,69,145
焦点
1,67,95,108
犹太人
6,8,9,10,11,12,108,109,150
犹太教
6,8,9,10,12,102,103,104,146
痛苦
10,11,19,23,77,117
超越
9,56,76,77,83,93,98,101,103
十三划
传统
3,9,10,11,12,68,102,110,128,137
奥秘
109,110
奥
6,8,50,72,83,108,133,135,137,144,145,146,153
慈悲
57,82,83,90,110,113,115,116,117,124
慈爱
7,71,89,96,97,98,109,110,129,138
感恩
17,19,41,45,96,126,127,137,138,149
感恩祭/礼
41,45,109,130,135,136,137
感谢
14,16,17,38,126,136,137,149
爱
6,8,10,16,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,32,33,39,41,45,48,52,53,54,55,56,57,63,67,76,77,82,83,85,87,88,90,94,95,96,97,98,106,108,109,110,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,121,123,124,126,127,133,134,135,136,137,138,145
爱德
21,23,2